Harvest (IBM 7950): Supercomputer for cryptanalysis at the NSA in the Cold War

nxobject•about 9 hours ago

As the article belatedly mentions, the ~40 GB automated tape library for HARVEST was the bee's knees... and possibly the inspiration for "harvest now, encrypt later".

PS – Primary sources for the IBM 7950/HARVEST on Bitsavers, excellent as always:

https://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/7950/

MeteorMarc•about 8 hours ago

Decrypt later, I suppose.

nxobject•about 6 hours ago

Ouch, that was indeed a typo...

spogbiper•about 1 hour ago

sometimes I wish I was born a few decades earlier. it would have been fun to work on things like this when they were new

Kvarnek•about 3 hours ago

Cold War era computing is fascinating. The scale they achieved with 1960s technology is impressive.

euroderf•about 3 hours ago

You'll want to read about SAGE

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment

xhkkffbf•about 1 hour ago

One of the big features of the Harvest was the so called POPCOUNT which was supposedly added the machine at the NSA's request. (This is the number of bits in a word that are on.) I've always wondered how this might be used. Some suggest computing the Hamming distance. Others suggest some kind of statistical test like chi-squared. But are there other more algebraic solutions that can benefit from it?

tiahura•about 2 hours ago

Has anything ever been written up about the chips that the was (is) NSA fabbing?

zkmon•about 9 hours ago

What happened to IBM?

BenoitP•about 9 hours ago

They had vertical integration and made bank. Then each layer got more complex as computing became mainstream, and IBM got out-competed on everyone of them by specialized companies. And then they sold them off. The only layer that remains is the most strategic: the customer relationship.

IBM is now just a consultancy.

INTPenis•about 7 hours ago

Not much is left of the great IBM, but their Z architecture is still superior when it comes to reliability at scale.

In fact, "what happened to IBM?", they were in the news recently: https://wccftech.com/ibm-worlds-first-dual-architecture-proc...

Creating the world's first dual instruction set CPU.

guenthert•about 3 hours ago

> Creating the world's first dual instruction set CPU.

World's first? What about the VIA C3 (or earlier NEC V20)? I'm sure there are more / earlier ones.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternate_Instruction_Set

noir_lord•about 8 hours ago

I think that's a little simplistic/reductive.

In some areas IBM still holds if not a technological advantage at least the first among equals position, they just aren't areas that are flashy or generally known outside of folks like us - Mainframes and related technologies for example, the IBM Z series is still a huge player there.

They are also a consultancy though.

chinathrow•about 8 hours ago

They still produce the mainframe hardware ranges though.

anonymous_sorry•about 8 hours ago

> IBM is now just a consultancy.

Except that they own Red Hat

smolder•about 9 hours ago

They became NSC, no such company.

Nursie•about 9 hours ago

Sometime in the 90s they decided that becoming a services and consultancy provider was more important than being involved in large-scale commodity hardware or really anything else.

Over three decades they've exited commodity hardware (x-series and thinkpads), retreated from a lot of software stuff and generally gone as hard as they can for large-scale business contracts. They seem to keep a decent amount of cutting-edge hardware research going, Power is still broadly competitive with x86 AFAICT, but the volumes have got to be pretty low these days and I half suspect that some of it is just a "Hey look at us we're still here" play rather than actually feeding into products, because services are the profit-centre.

They're still huge and have a lot of money, and they own Redhat. But IMHO it's in a long, slow decline, and it has stepped back from the public eye and most public-facing markets.

Context - I've worked for them in a few places. Obvs my opinons are my own, especially as I've been 'out' for over a decade at this point.

ablation•about 9 hours ago

That one job was to process "sensitive" intelligence intercepts and break codes, if you're not grabbed by the clickbait headline. It's a good read.

Harvest (IBM 7950): Supercomputer for cryptanalysis at the NSA in the Cold War

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