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72% Positive

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#apple#linux#asahi#hardware#macos#support#years#still#more#macbook

Discussion (130 Comments)Read Original on HackerNews

JLO64about 11 hours ago
> Thanks to the combined efforts of mildsunrise and chaos_princess, we discovered that ACE3 has pretty much the same register set as CD3217, only wrapped in a SPMI interface instead of addressed over I2C. Both the SPMI interface and ACE3 itself are now working in Asahi Linux, bringing USB 3.0 and Thunderbolt support to all M3 series devices.

When I got my M3 Pro MBP, I got it with the intention of eventually installing Linux on it. In hindsight I seriously underestimated the amount of effort needed for even partial Linux compatibility, which makes me all the more grateful for the work Asahi contributors have put in! I'll still be keeping macOS installed for iOS dev work(which I plan on doing soonish), but other than that all I really need is a web browser and Ghostty with good battery life.

happosaiabout 7 hours ago
"I paid thousands of dollars to apple who doesn't document their hardware or pay developers to contribute drivers Linux. Then I just waited for some unpaid volunteer to do it for me."
dgllghrabout 1 hour ago
Unfortunately, the state of non-Apple hardware makes your parent’s comment a defensible position. Btw, using Linux in general means having “some unpaid volunteer do it for you”
coldtea15 minutes ago
"I paid thousands of dollars to apple who provided a great hw product with their own OS preinstalled and free".
simonhabout 1 hour ago
That's kind of how open source development works, right? We buy hardware and we use software people wrote for free. What am I missing?
OroPla37 minutes ago
My steelman read of that would be that there is a difference between paying Apple a premium to make installing Linux hard vs. paying, say, Framework a premium to make installing Linux easy.
aenisabout 1 hour ago
Hm? Should we ban volunteers? Doing unpaid work is sort of their thing.
dgunayabout 8 hours ago
I have immense respect for the incredible work that the Asahi team does, but at the rate that Intel and AMD have been catching up on power efficiency I wonder whether anyone will really _have_ to run Linux on M series laptops. There was a clear case for it back when Apple silicon absolutely dominated anything else you could buy but with Panther Lake I'm not so sure that Apple's lead will continue to be big enough to justify needing to wait several years for full Linux hardware compatibility to be reverse engineered.
euio757about 8 hours ago
But, power efficiency isn't the primary reason I'd like Apple hardware with linux software.

Display quality, trackpad quality, overall form factor, and very high RAM space in a laptop would be the primary reasons I'd go with Asahi Linux.

aucisson_masqueabout 1 hour ago
Yeah, people miss that about apple laptop.

Find me another laptop that has everything, even if it's more expensive ! You can't, some have keyboard as good, some it's the display. In best case you got 2 or 3 things but then it goes downhill on the other, like the trackpad.

Gudabout 2 hours ago
I agree.

I’ve been a big Lenovo fan, settled on the X1 carbon. I’ve had three of them, G5, G6 and G9. The USB-C port broke on both G6 and G9 models. Apparently it’s a common problem. Unfortunately the ports are soldered directly on the motherboard making it difficult to fix(should be a small separate board for easy replacement). I was going to desolder and replace the ports, but haven’t gotten around to it.

I’m now using a MacBook Pro M2.

danw1979about 2 hours ago
Ummm if repairability is a concern, I’ve got some news to share about your new Macbook.
rowanG077about 5 hours ago
This is exactly why I run asahi. There really is not a laptop that comes close to the hardware quality of an apple laptop. I have even sacrificed x86 at the altar which is a much bigger step than battery life imo.
DrScientistabout 1 hour ago
> trackpad quality

This

raybbabout 5 hours ago
That's fair but also think about the ewaste.

I'm still hoping one of these mega AI LLMs will figure out how to install Linux on the many old iPads that become nearly useless after Apple stops updating them and you can't install new apps.

dgunayabout 2 hours ago
Oh definitely, there's great value in it for those who already own Macbooks for one reason or another. I just personally have found myself shying away from buying a Macbook multiple times over the years because the Asahi Linux experience was really really rough at the time & probably still is for the generations I would be interested in buying.
ZiiSabout 4 hours ago
Please send all "ewaste" Apple silicon macbooks to me.
benoauabout 8 hours ago
It depends on how long Apple want to support the devices, if the support matches the longevity of the devices maybe nobody really needs Asahi. I believe all Intel Macs have received their final macOS version now so it is almost time for Apple to make that decision for the M1 generation. I think an M1 Pro, Max or Ultra (or even an M1 with 16GB of RAM) still has many good years left.
selfhoster1312about 5 hours ago
OS LTS support barely matters when planned obsolescence is baked in at the hardware level. Wearing parts (eg. SSD) are soldered on newer macs and there's intensive efforts to make sure even if you have the tools you can't repair it.

Parts aren't available but if you get your hands on there's cryptographic parts pairing so it more or less can't be replaced: https://rossmanngroup.com/services/ssd-data-recovery/macbook...

Overall, i wouldn't count on "many good years left".

kallebooabout 4 hours ago
My MacBook Pro M1 is 5 years old now and the SSD wear level is at 4%. SSD wear is not a problem for normal users.

Meanwhile Apple's standard OS support period is 7 years, that's a much more imminent limit.

Not saying that I support non-user-replaceable SSDs, but if your goal is reducing e-waste, there are more impactful changes to make.

gehstyabout 8 hours ago
Does anyone have to run Linux on an M series? I’m fairly confident it’s one of the most complex ways of running Linux…
soganessabout 7 hours ago
Yeah, but there was a time when running Linux on a laptop was one of the most complex ways of running Linux. Now I just expect everything to work, especially if I buy from Lenovo, Dell, or HP.

There was a time when Wi-Fi, or Wayland, or XComposite, or Linux gaming, or just accelerated graphics at all or, or, or... People get excited, they work on it, other people get excited and mess about, and eventually it just works.

I would love to one day pick up a decommissioned M1 Ultra and use my OS of choice on it, and I'm grateful for the people who are doing the hard thing now.

maccardabout 4 hours ago
What Laptop would you purchase that gives hardware equivalent to a MacBook Pro?
oblioabout 8 hours ago
> wait several years for full Linux hardware compatibility

I'm not convinced it's only "several years".

Asahi was launched in January 2021. So 5 and a half years ago. Asahi, as far as I can tell, supports most of M1 and M2 features, so generations launched in November 2020 (6 years ago) and June 2022 (4 years ago).

I would be very surprised if a decade from now the story won't still be the same thing: 90% of features for systems half a decade old with software package gaps in important areas and everything slightly less optimized than MacOS.

Asahi is doing incredible work but it's still 5 people in a garage vs the huge corporation.

regexorcistabout 5 hours ago
> 90% of features for systems half a decade old

This can be a good tradeoff. An M1 Ultra still runs circles around 90% of consumer hardware sold today, and with Linux it has easily another 10+ years. Now support for M3 is coming.

> Asahi is doing incredible work but it's still 5 people in a garage vs the huge corporation.

Not sure why the "vs" scenario, this is a project that makes no promises. And I think they do have some support from Fedora / Red Hat fwiw.

selfhoster1312about 5 hours ago
> This can be a good tradeoff.

That's a good tradeoff for durable hardware with available spare parts. That's not a good tradeoff for hardware that was designed so it cannot be repaired, such as newer Macs.

oblioabout 2 hours ago
> Not sure why the "vs" scenario, this is a project that makes no promises. And I think they do have some support from Fedora / Red Hat fwiw.

They are building something in an environment that's not supportive of what they're doing. Contrast with Intel or AMD.

dmitrygrabout 8 hours ago
> but at the rate that Intel and AMD have been catching up on power efficiency

Have they? What AMD or Intel laptop with Linux on it can hold a candle to and M4 air or an M4max pro? Genuinely curious, cause I found none...

Mashimoabout 6 hours ago
Framework 13 pro with new Intel chips claims to run 20h of 4k Netflix stream, or 17h of light web browsing @250 nits.

That said these numbers are with windows.

Lioabout 5 hours ago
So the hardware is capable but the Linux distros aren’t quite there yet?

Fingers crossed for them then. I love the idea of a Framework laptop but I’m only interested in Linux performance.

jaimex2about 6 hours ago
No idea but my Framework 12 goes for days without charging. I really haven't seen any real world need for M chips.

Granted Im not compiling large projects on a train all day but who is.

finaardabout 4 hours ago
The main power advantage of the apple chips is when the system is mostly idle - under mid to high load power to watt has been comparable for a few years already (at least AMD and Apple, intel was way behind - but I guess they caught up recently). The main reason behind my M3 MBP back then wasn't so much power efficiency - but that I can get it with 96GB of RAM.

It's nice that I can go a full office day without charging - the previous x86 notebook couldn't, but a decent one from the M3 generation probably could as well. But also if I put proper load an that thing the Macbook battery is done in less than 2 hours.

zakisaadabout 5 hours ago
raises hand, but point taken when painting with broad strokes
porridgeraisinabout 4 hours ago
> Framework 12 ... days without charging

I don't see how? it is a 50Wh battery. Even at 6W that is about 8h of usage? On what OS + workload on x86 are you seeing just 6W usage? Or is it that each day your usage is only 2 hours?

oblioabout 8 hours ago
AMD Strix Halo?
dmitrygrabout 7 hours ago
"up to 9 hours for light web browsing or everyday tasks"

that is 1/3 the battery life of a macbook in the same use case. seems completely incomparable

gigatexalabout 6 hours ago
Even if amd or intel caught up the Apple hardware is just built better and is far higher quality.
reeredfdfdfabout 2 hours ago
Higher-end Thinkpads are pretty nice in terms of build quality. Trackpads and screens are worse, but they will physically last just as long.
monegatorabout 4 hours ago
i snatched a lenovo yoga slim aura with a core 5 226 for 650 euro. Its build quality is on par if not better than the colleague's macbook, it's pretty good for working, runs fedora natively, battery last at least 12 hours unless i'm playing games.
kmarcabout 2 hours ago
I'm a bit opponent of Apple's walled garden, but the build quality of this laptop is quite far away from a MacBook... Except the display, this OLED WXHQwhatever is stunning.

Source: I bought the same (with core i7, so it's performant, etc.).

fookerabout 4 hours ago
The build quality is not even close.

And macbooks are reaching 18-20 hours usage on battery nowadays, I have stopped carrying the power adapter most of the time.

Of course it’s significantly more expensive, but you do get what you pay for.

stirayabout 4 hours ago
I hope they will support M4 soon, I cant stand macos and its desire to be different than everything else by custom keyboard shortcuts etc.

After 2 years of usage, I still have issues with basic actions like copy paste.

edit: omg, writing this post, i checked if there is some way to use linux shortcuts and there is (Kanesh/KMonad or Karabiner-Elements). Maybe my suffering will finally stop.

strbeanabout 4 hours ago
Counterpoint: OSX has the only sane copy paste shortcuts. The linux standard of "sometimes ctrl-c/v, sometimes shift-ctrl-c/v, and if you mess up you might kill your task" is preposterous.
hiireabout 4 hours ago
The command key really has to be my favorite thing about OSX, it lets you do system things without intercepting whatever is going on in the terminal. It also leaves the ctrl key with barely any use, so you can just customize its behavior (for example, I have ctrl+opt+some letter keys assigned to different desktops/spaces, that works great for me)
danw1979about 2 hours ago
My favourite thing about the command key is the position - it’s way further to the right than ctrl on most keyboards, which means you don’t have to contort your thumb back and apply lateral pressure to your thumb joint when copy-pasting.

I’m either doing it wrong on Windows or the entire world is putting up with unnecessary finger pain because whoever chose Ctrl-C was a masochist.

stirayabout 3 hours ago
If someone needs it, https://github.com/Fuzzy-and-Fluffy/windows-keyboard-for-mac

(to replies, yes, i understand that macos keyboard shortcuts might objectively be better, but if you are using multiple computers and macos is the only one of OSs, those shortcuts become pain in the neck)

brewmarcheabout 2 hours ago
Aren’t the shortcuts with the command key older than the PC ones (which started out as Shift+Insert etc. actually)? I wouldn’t call that desire to be different (also as mentioned below it has a lot of advantages in a terminal)
wishfishabout 3 hours ago
What I did was to simply remap Command to Control in the built-in keyboard settings. I don't know if that would solve your problems with shortcuts, but it solved mine. Muscle memory remains intact. The physical key combos on the Mac are now largely the same as on Windows or Linux.
a96about 2 hours ago
Or the more usual argument: Macos is broken in many ways and you're not allowed to fix it. But you can install some kind of add-on that will sit between you and the broken-as-designed UI and makes it look non-broken.
owaisloneabout 10 hours ago
This project has been so impressive and exciting. I hope power management is a serious concern once they nail all the reverse engineering and functionality. Battery life would be a huge differentiator for the day to day macbook usage and traditionally Linux has been terrible at that due to lack of proprietary & highly tuned drivers
paulryanrogersabout 8 hours ago
How likely is such tuning to happen within the practical lifetime of these devices? It's already been years and Linux isn't even feature complete on newer models.

Apple's indifference to OSS does not give me much hope.

superb_devabout 8 hours ago
Given the enormous lifetime of these devices, I’d say chances are pretty good! The only thing that’s going to make an M series Mac obsolete is when Apple stops releasing updates. If you can run Linux on it, that thing is going to last forever.
LoganDarkabout 8 hours ago
I would assume that once you have fully functional support for entire historical SoCs, the effort stops being "get most things working on most chips" and starts becoming "adapt already-working things to the newest chips". Yes, it's been years, but there's still so much hardware that Asahi doesn't have good support for yet, and that's dividing the efforts to support the newest chips. I'm sure that once all the existing chips are well-supported, new chips will be fairly quick to bring up.
ksecabout 7 hours ago
>The ARM specification mandates that cores in WFI loops should preserve all state. This is not the default mode on Apple Silicon.

I sometimes do wonder at what point do ARM find and test these stuff and ask Apple to follow. Obviously this is not the first time we see such thing happened.

Eufratabout 7 hours ago
My understanding is that Apple has an extremely special license with ARM partially because they helped fund ARM when it was spun out of Acorn and they are not required to conform to the specifications like other licensees.
AceJohnny2about 6 hours ago
Didn't Apple help define the Aarch64 instruction set?
happymellon28 minutes ago
Malicious standards.

See also when Microsoft introduced DocX, Apple products corrupted documents because Apple followed the standard that Microsoft had specified but turns out they didn't follow it themselves.

Sabotage others on things you don't have to do.

firatsarlarabout 1 hour ago
Someone out there can go and build a cancer vaccine for their dog, and I can't even find a door into projects like this — that's on me. Forget a PR, even making a comment feels devastating - human communication -. I have everything it takes to help this project, and I can do nothing. Lovely.
MBCookabout 12 hours ago
Amazing progress as usual. It’s been fun watching just how much a few people can accomplish over the last few years despite working on sometimes unstable sand.
ZiiSabout 4 hours ago
I truly understand the frustration of people asking when will it be done, and that DP Alt Mode got past that point. However it was in an official progress report, but then the last three don't mention it at all. (I have been running it without issue that whole time). A single line on the current scale of outstanding bugs would really help.
megousabout 11 hours ago
Yeah, you'll find out that va-api is not a good match for v4l2-requests. It does not pass decoded bitstream to the drivers as is, but pre-computes some things for some codecs, while v4l2-requests mostly expects original information parsed from the bitstream.

https://xff.cz/git/libva-v4l2_request/

dreamcompilerabout 2 hours ago
I've pretty much given up on Asahi because of the years-long delays, and because there's no performant way to share disk space for data with MacOS.

By running Linux in a VM on MacOS on Apple silicon, you sacrifice some raw speed but in return you still get to run MacOS apps occasionally and have access to the same data from either MacOS or Linux without having to duplicate everything. And battery life is reasonable, which is not true yet with Asahi.

xoa18 minutes ago
Not saying your VM approach isn't right for you, but:

>and because there's no performant way to share disk space for data with MacOS

Have you tried a ZFS partition? If it's a desktop system use iSCSI to network storage (I'm not running Linux directly on my Studio or M4 mini but I still put my Home folder on the network)?

znpyabout 7 hours ago
> Please stop Thinking Different

Considering how much better m-series CPUs are, i’d say actually keep thinking different.

AKSF_Ackermannabout 3 hours ago
As Apple themselves proved with M1-M3, you can make really good cpus without violating the ARM architecture spec in dumb ways. Why they decided to do that in M4+ is anyone's guess.
ksecabout 7 hours ago
AFAWK, M6 CPU is a die shrink of M5, so unless something M7 present that will significantly improve CPU performance. The ARM C1 CPU core that is available to everyone has pretty much matched up to Apple. And that is all things included from performance, power, die size etc.
worldsaviorabout 6 hours ago
Can you just use normal acronyms instead of something like AFAWK? Why not AFAIK? Do I need to know every acronym there is on the internet?
znpyabout 3 hours ago
And?
ksec43 minutes ago
You said > "Considering how much better m-series CPUs are, "

And I give some thoughts into may be they are not "much better". And in that case may be sticking to spec and not Thinking Different on certain things matters more.

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lvl155about 2 hours ago
It’s a shame that Macs have leading processors and hardwares but Apple can’t make Linux first-class. I know they have full builds internally so it’s not a matter of resources.

It’s simply a business decision for Apple. And quite a dumb one at that. Here’s hoping that Ternus reverses that shortsighted decision.

djxfade30 minutes ago
Realistically, what would the business case for Apple be where it would make sense to make Linux a first-class citizen on their hardware? Their product is a combination of hardware and software that works together to form the final product.
kmeisthaxabout 9 hours ago
I was seriously worried the various incompatibilities the M3 bootloader had with Asahi's debugging setup would mean way slower bring-up than M1 and M2 had. Seems like that wasn't the case - or, at least, won't be the case anymore.
MBCookabout 9 hours ago
Seems like once they got past that things weren’t too bad. Could have been way more incompatibilities waiting on the other side.
timschumiabout 6 hours ago
The processor version with the debugging incompstibilities was M4, I think.
TiredOfLifeabout 8 hours ago
And all that with a hard fork of kernel
samudabout 3 hours ago
i mean it's great to see that linux getting popular among users and it's great that having access to use linux on mac
laidoffamazonabout 8 hours ago
Is Asahi an LLM-hostile project? I'd imagine this is something that would be benefitted tremendously with a Fable class model
alberthabout 7 hours ago
> Meanwhile, donations and pledges kept slowly decreasing, and have done so since the project launched. Not enough to spell immediate doom for my dream of working on Asahi full time in the short term, but enough to make me wonder if any of this was really appreciated. The all-time peak monthly donation volume was the very first month or two. It seemed the more things we accomplished, the less support we had.

I think the issue is funding is so low the developers don’t even have access to newer Apple Siicon, let alone funding for token costs, etc.

https://marcan.st/2025/02/resigning-as-asahi-linux-project-l...

superdiskabout 6 hours ago
> It is the opinion of the Board that Large Language Models (LLMs), herein referred to as Slop Generators, are unsuitable for use as software engineering tools, particularly in the Free and Open Source Software movement.

https://asahilinux.org/docs/project/policies/slop/

not_a933 minutes ago
I wonder how they handle merging upstream clanked stuff.
worldsaviorabout 6 hours ago
Using LLMs in a project like this is also somewhat illegal, because LLMs may have inside information about apple devices and it's not allowed to use it.
hhhabout 5 hours ago
do you have a source for this? it doesn't really make sense to me
worldsaviorabout 3 hours ago
In illegal output: https://asahilinux.org/slop/
realusernameabout 5 hours ago
That's nonsense, then it would also be somewhat illegal to use it inside Apple, being trained on GPL licensed code (and it's not even a possibility here but a known fact)
worldsaviorabout 3 hours ago
Apple probably uses API with ZDR. I'm talking about leaks.
LoganDarkabout 11 hours ago
I'm extremely excited to hear that the hypervisor now works on M4! Can't wait to try out Asahi in a year or two.
tiahuraabout 9 hours ago
macOS is so terrible. Godspeed!
LoganDarkabout 8 hours ago
To downvoters: historically, a decent number of Windows and Linux users would run the operating systems on Apple hardware. I myself ran a triple-boot between macOS, Windows and Linux for years (although I still mainly used the machine for macOS). Apple Silicon demolished that market, and Asahi Linux is like a light at the end of the tunnel for those users who were entirely left behind by the ARM transition.
djfergusabout 11 hours ago
Fantastic to see the progress and a fascinating detailed write-up.

You have to appreciate the effort Apple puts into security - goes some way to understanding why they won't endorse/support installing an alternative operating system.

LoganDarkabout 11 hours ago
Apple has gone through tremendous effort to enable alternative operating systems on Apple Silicon Macs: https://asahilinux.org/docs/platform/open-os-interop/
nvme0n1p1about 9 hours ago
Are you sure you linked the right page? This looks like a list of workarounds the Asahi team had to figure out.
LoganDarkabout 8 hours ago
Oh, my bad, I think the one I intended was this one: https://asahilinux.org/docs/platform/security/#apples-unspok...

> Rumours circulating that Apple are actively hostile towards efforts such as Asahi, or that their security must be bypassed or jailbroken to run untrusted code are unfounded and false. In fact, Apple have expended effort and time on improving their security tooling in ways that only improve the execution of non-macOS binaries. An example of this is giving their Boot Policy configuration tool the ability to wrap raw AArch64 code in a proper Mach-O format starting with macOS 12.1. This is only ever required for enrolling a boot object that is not already a macOS kernelcache.

bigyabaiabout 10 hours ago
Most of those accommodations are for macOS, and make very few (if any) concessions for alternative operating systems. We're talking Qualcomm-tier effort.

Intel and AMD set the standard for "tremendous effort" bringing up support for alternative OSes. Nvidia follows behind, and Apple's support is (somehow) behind Nvidia's foot-dragging.

HDBaseTabout 9 hours ago
This is true, although Apple could of just as easily prevented alternative OSes as a whole if they wanted to.
LoganDarkabout 7 hours ago
I see a lot of dual-purpose here. Maybe you don't, or maybe you figure it's just a coincidence that Linux can also benefit from this. Apple definitely had it in mind, and designed for it, even if they don't release documentation.
foltikabout 8 hours ago
Absolutely not. They put in the literal bare minimum possible effort short of locking down the platform entirely.

You get a jmp to some arm64 instructions of your choosing, with a bunch of CPU features locked out.

LoganDarkabout 8 hours ago
I will admit I am a bit confused by them locking out features like that, especially since they didn't at first. I wouldn't jump to assuming it's hostile, though.
oblioabout 7 hours ago
> tremendous efforts

Tremendous efforts would be to publish reference manuals for all their hardware components.

Apple is doing the bare minimum, which is to not build 10km tall walls around its walled garden.

But in the modern day of walled gardens, that's viewed as generosity.

LoganDarkabout 7 hours ago
This is Apple we're talking about. What may be the bare minimum for you was a lot of work for them. Work they could have passed up and we would've all had to simply deal with it. They do that all the time, and there's nothing we can do about it. But here they didn't. Here they did "the bare minimum" to allow custom operating systems on their newer hardware. That should be commended. Yes, we should celebrate that hardware we purchase and own still allows us to run code we wrote. Because the alternative is that it could not. Their non-macOS devices already don't.

To be perfectly clear, Apple is like a lifeline to a lot of people. They are one of the last bastions of quality in the hardware and software world. This is why it's such a disappointment that they've been faltering lately: we had high expectations of them, which hasn't been quite so true for the rest of the industry for a while. So it is a big deal that hidden gems like this continue to crop up from them: it is a sign that some of their core values still remain. And I really hope the new CEO will bring back some of what they lost after Steve Jobs.

throwa356262about 6 hours ago
Everyone is free to work on whatever they want, but...

I wish the amount of time and brain power spent on this project was instead used to work on something more friendly to the Linux community.

For example to improve Strix Halo GPU and NPU support.

SXXabout 6 hours ago
People who work on Asahi want exactly that - working on black box hardware with no specification.

Most likely they just not interested in working on well maintained drivers that require 1000 times more effort to upstream code.

m4rtinkabout 3 hours ago
Really seems like the worlds most complex and intriguing sudoku - it would all go away if Apple bothered to properly document their hardware.
lastrikabout 3 hours ago
they're probably documenting it very well. they just refuse to give it, which is worse imo
vrinsdabout 5 hours ago
I agree with this sentiment. If someone wants to do a bunch of reverse engineering, maybe they could try to get full mainline support for older Qualcomm mobile phone/tablet SoCs and minimize/get rid of BLOBs?

All the fun of reverse engineering and we know the processors already run Linux...

simoltosabout 3 hours ago
Do you think Asahi is developing too slow? If yes could it be due to the anti AI policy?
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